Mangifera Indica Leaves Extract Modulates Serum Leptin, Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Endothelin-1 Levels in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is relatively common throughout the world. The present study was carried out in an attempt to investigate the possible antidiabetic activity of Mangifera indica (mango) leaves extract in streptozotocin (STZ)–diabetic rats. In addition, the effect of extract on diabetes complications as cardio, vascular and endothelial dysfunction was also studied. 30 male adult albino rats were divided to three groups (10 rats each) and were studied as following scheme for 42 days, group (1) normal control, group (2) diabetic control rats were given distilled water daily by gastric incubation, and group (3) diabetic rats were treated orally with Mangifera indica leaves aqueous extract. Blood samples were collected at 21 and 42 day for different biochemical parameters estimations. The Mangifera indica extract administration to diabetic rats significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, leptin, asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothelin–1 as well as lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. The levels of insulin, C–peptide and nitric oxide were significantly increased. Further, the extract showed significant antihyperlipidemic activity. These findings demonstrated that Mangifera indica leaves extract possess antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties thus suggesting its beneficial effect in the treatment of diabetes mellitus associated with hyperlipidemia and related cardiovascular complications.